How Much Home Do I Qualify For?
Income. Debt. Down Payment. Closing Costs. Two Years Income Tax
Returns. Assets. Liabilities. IRAs. You want WHAT? Just what can
I afford?
Buying a home in today’s marketplace is a bit intimidating.
And your new home purchase is likely to be one of the most important
decisions you’ve ever had to make. Usually it’s one
of the single most valuable assets you’ll own.
Where to Start
Before you invest hundreds of hours searching--and to avoid any
heartbreak if you find yourself unable to qualify for your dream
home--sit down with a lender. Your lender can perform a simple verbal
prequalfication in about twenty minutes and a full-fledged prequalfication
in about 5 days.
Pre-qualification not only allows you to focus your search in the
correct price range, saving a lot of wasted time and frustration,
but it can also give you an edge when competing with other offers
on a home that you find. If a seller is deciding between two offers—-yours
who has been qualified and another unqualified offer, they are much
more likely to pick yours. Pre-qualification will also give you
leverage when negotiating with a seller in a non-competitive atmosphere;
it essentially makes you a cash buyer.
The amount of home that you qualify for will be determined by three
key factors: your down payment, your ability to qualify for a mortgage
and closing costs.
The Down Payment
Whereas a current homeowner can rely on equity from their home
sale, a first time homebuyer is limited to the money they can save.
The days of having to put 20 percent down on a home are in the past,
although putting a large amount of money down definitely makes it
easier to qualify for a mortgage and to get the lowest interest
rates available. With the various programs that are available today,
you can put as little as 3 percent down on a home.
Qualifying for the Mortgage
There are two basic guidelines that lenders use to determine what
size mortgage you are eligible for:
- Your monthly mortgage payment of principal, interest, taxes
and insurance (PITI) should not exceed 25 to 28% of your monthly
gross income.
- Your monthly housing cost (PITI) plus other long-term debt should
not exceed 33 to 38% of your monthly gross income.
Specifically, most lenders will consider 4 key factors to determine
your ability to qualify for a home loan:
- Income – This first element can include
not only your gross monthly income and secondary income (commissions,
bonuses) but also your history of employment, stability of income,
education, even potential for future earnings.
- Credit History - This encompasses your history
of debt repayment, total outstanding debt, highest balance, and
your highest monthly debt balance.
- Assets – Your assets consist of cash
on hand, savings and checking accounts, CDs, stocks, bonds or
any other type of liquid asset.
- Property – The home you are planning
to purchase will be appraised to determine the market value. The
estimated value must be sufficient to secure the loan. Lenders
will loan you no more than a certain percentage (usually 95%)
of this value.
Closing Costs
Keep in mind that in addition to your down payment, you will also
be responsible for paying fees for the loan and closing costs. These
will be required at the time of closing unless you qualify and choose
to have these included in your financing.
Closing Costs generally will range between 2 percent and 6 percent
of the mortgage loan, depending on the loan and lender. You will
be provided with a "Good Faith Estimate" of closing costs
so you can know what to expect.
"Points", which are one-time charges equal to one percent
of your loan amount, may be required by your lender at closing.
Your closing agent will charge a fee at the close of the sale.
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